全国自考05844《国际商务英语》全真模拟试题（三）
点击数： | 发布时间：2022-12-21 15:08:36 | 收藏
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I. Translate the following words and expressions: (20 %)
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（i）From English into Chinese：
1.comparative advantage
比较利益
2.negotiable transport document
可转让装运单据
3.net positions
实际头寸
4.most-favoured-nation treatment
最惠国待遇
5.income distribution
收入分布
6.bill of exchange
汇票
7.opening bank
开证银行
8.exchange rate
汇率
9.balance of payment
国际收支
10.parent MNC
跨国公司母公司
（ii）From Chinese into English：
11.无形贸易
invisible trade
12商品交易会
trade fairs
13.非贸易结算
non-trade settlement
14.唛头
shipping marks
15.产品自然领域
natural product provinces
16.风险转移
risk transfer
17.配额限制
quota restrictions
18.客户流动
customer mobility
19.关税配额
tariff quota
20.无差别待遇原则
non-discrimination principle
II. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right (10%)
(e)21. ratify a. lasting
(a)22 permanent b. a person who carries on insurance as a business
(d)23.maritime c.a limit placed by a government on the amount of imports or commodity
(j)24 dubious d. connected with the sea or navigation
(b)25 underwriter e. make an agreement or a treaty officially valid by signing it
(g)26. investment f. a practical advantage given to one over others
(c)27. quota g. the act of putting money to use in something offering profitable returns
(h)28. practitioner h. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation
(i)29. biennial i. happening every alternate year
(f)30. preference j. doubtful, uncertain, questionable
III. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English: (10 %)
31. inflation
Inflation means a rise in prices brought about by the excess demand, expansion of money supply credit etc.
32. free trade area
Free trade area is the loosest form of regional economic integration in which barriers to trade are removed among members while each member still adopts its own policy as regards to trade with outsiders.
33. options
Options are contracts giving the right to buy and sell a security at an agreed price within a particular period of time.
34.gross domestic product(GDP)
GDP measures the market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.
35. FOB
Free on Board
IV. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list You can only choose 10 from the following 12 words in the square): (10 %)
obtain
Imbalances
providing
to
expanding
as
distributor
crisis
into
risky
when
assistance
Reasons for the increasing use of counter trade include: Firstly, the world debt 36 has made ordinary trade financing very 37. Many countries cannot 38 the trade credit or financial 39 to pay for desired imports. Secondly, countries are increasingly returning to the notion of bilateralism as a way to reduce trade 40. Thirdly, counter trade is often viewed 41 an excellent mechanism to gain entry 42 new markets. The party receiving the goods may become a new 43, opening up new international marketing channels and ultimately 44 the market. And lastly. 45 counter trade services helps sellers differentiate its products from those of competitors.
36. crisis
37. risky
38. obtain
39. assistance
40. imbalances
41.as
42.into
43. distributor
44.expanding
45. providing
V.Answer the following questions in English：（20%）
46.What was the main reason for the 1990 revision of Incoterms？
The main reason for the 1990 revision of Incoterms was the desire to adapt terms to the increasing use electronic data interchange.
47. Why is controlling costs a major motivation for firms to undertake FDI?
Lowering production costs is an important consideration.A foreign country may have lower land rices. tax rates or cost of labor, all of which will reduce the production costs to a considerable degree, making foreign locations more attractive.
48. How do you define"transportation"?
In a broad sense, transportation is defined as the movement of freight and passengers from one location to another.
49. Explain the concepts of GNP and GDP respectively and point out their major difference.
GNP and GDP are two important concepts used to indicate a country’s total income. GNP refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy. GDP measures the market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy. The major difference between GNP and GDP is that the former focuses on owner-ship of the factors of pr production while the latter concentrates on the place where production takes place.
VI. Translate the following into Chinese: (15%)
50.Documentary collection is a means of payment ensuring that the goods are only handed over to the buyer when the amount shown on a bill of exchange is paid or when the customer accept the bill as a contract to pay by a specified date.
The exporter sends the bill of exchange and the shipping documents to his bank, which forwards them to a bank in the customer's country. This bank, or the exporters agents in the country concerned, takes the documents to the customer. If it is a sight bill, the customer pays the amount directly. If it is a time bill, he signs the bill, which means he has"accepted"it payment within a certain specified time. In return for either payment or acceptance of payment the customer is handed the shipping documents which give title to the goods.
跟单托收是一种付款方法，当汇票所示金额付清后，或客户承兑汇票作为指定日期付款的契约时，货物才交给买方。
出口商把汇票和货运单据交给他的银行，该银行再将汇票和单据交给客户所在国的银行。该银行或出口商在有关国家的代理把单据交给客户。如果是即期汇票，客户便直接支付。如果是远期汇票，他在汇票上签字，意思是承兑该汇票，在指定的时间内付款。无论已付款或承兑付款，此时客户便可获取货运单据，借此拥有货物。
51.UNCTAD is the intergovernmental body within the UN system for comprehensive review of development and other related issues. UNCTAD is designed to promote trade an economic development of all countries, particularly the developing countries. Over the 40-plus years since its founding, UNCTAD has played an important role in fostering North-South dialogue and cooperation, promoting trade and economic development of the developing countries and assisting them in speeding up integration into the multilateral trading economy.
联合国贸易与发展会议是联合国系统内政府间的机构，它的设立是为了全面回顾、发展贸易并进行其他有关事项。贸发会议旨在促进所有国家，尤其是发展中国家经济和贸易的发展。它自成立40多年来，在促进南北对话和合作、促进发展中国家经济贸易发展、帮助这些国家加快步伐融入多边贸易经济体系上都起到了重要的作用。
VII. Translate the following into English: (15 %)
52.高收入国家和地区是高档消费品的主要市场，在吸引外资和对外投资方面都处于有利地位。
High-income countries and regions offer prime markets for expensive consumer goods and are both attractive sources and destinations of investment.
53.在复杂的经济世界中，没有一个国家可以完全自给自足。
In the complex economic world, no country can completely self-sufficient.
54.在国际贸易中进出口双方都面临风险，因为总存在对方不履约的可能。
In international trade, both the exporter and importer face risks as there is al ways the possibility that the other party may fail to fulfill the contract.
55.信用证不能给缔约双方提供绝对的安全。
The letter of credit cannot provide absolute security for the contracting parties
56.合同是在双方所达成的协议的基础上制定的，而协议又是双方进行商务谈判的结果。
The contract is based on agreement, which is the result of business negotiations.
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